PUNE, 7 April 2025: Maharashtra, often hailed as India's mango heartland, boasts a rich tapestry of mango varieties that tantalize taste buds both domestically and internationally.
The state's diverse climatic conditions and fertile soils have given rise to some of the most exquisite mango cultivars. Here’s an exploration of the top 10 mango varieties that define Maharashtra's mango legacy.
1. Alphonso (Hapus)
Renowned globally, Alphonso is the crown jewel of Maharashtra's mangoes. Predominantly cultivated in the Konkan region, especially in Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg districts, this variety is celebrated for its rich aroma, smooth texture, and saffron-hued pulp. Its superior quality has earned it a Geographical Indication (GI) tag, underscoring its unique regional identity.
2. Kesar
Named after the Hindi word for 'saffron' due to its vibrant orange pulp, Kesar is primarily grown in the Marathwada region, encompassing districts like Chhatrapati Sambhaji Nagar, Jalna, Beed, and Latur. This variety is esteemed for its sweet flavor and aromatic essence, making it a favorite for both direct consumption and culinary applications. Notably, the Marathwada Kesar mango received the GI tag in 2016, highlighting its regional significance.
3. Ratna
A hybrid between Neelum and Alphonso, Ratna was released in 1981 by Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli. This variety is a regular bearer, producing large, ovate-shaped fruits with an appealing orange color and excellent taste. Remarkably, Ratna is free from spongy tissue, a common malady in some mangoes, enhancing its market value.
4. Sindhu
Developed through backcrossing Ratna with Alphonso, Sindhu was introduced in 1992. It is characterized by its thin stone, high pulp content, and regular bearing nature. The fruits exhibit an attractive red blush, are free from spongy tissue, and possess a cluster-bearing habit, making them both visually appealing and commercially viable.
Released in 1999, Konkan Ruchi is tailored for pickle enthusiasts. This variety yields large fruits with thick skin and a distinct acidic taste, ideal for pickling purposes. Its regular bearing nature ensures a consistent supply for culinary uses.
6. Suvarna
A cross between Alphonso and Neelum, Suvarna was introduced in 2009. This hybrid inherits the desirable qualities of Alphonso and the consistent bearing pattern of Neelum. It features a cluster-bearing habit and a high percentage of hermaphrodite flowers, contributing to its reliable yield.
7. Konkan Raja
Released in 2010, Konkan Raja is noted for its impressive fruit size and reduced acidity, resulting in a less sour taste. This makes it particularly suitable for salads and fresh consumption, catering to health-conscious consumers seeking flavorful yet mild options.
8. Konkan Samrat
Introduced in 2014, Konkan Samrat boasts a high percentage of perfect flowers and a regular bearing pattern. The fruits are free from spongy tissue and have low fiber content, enhancing their appeal in both domestic and international markets.
9. Mankurad
While Mankurad is extensively produced in Goa, its orchards are also found in Maharashtra's Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg districts. This delicious fruit is yellow and oblong, developing black spots as it ripens. Known for its rich flavor, Mankurad holds a special place among mango aficionados.
10. Malgova
Malgova is a large, round-shaped mango that retains its green color with hints of red when ripe. It is predominantly found in the North Konkan region and parts of Aurangabad, Parbhani, and Beed districts. Its substantial size and unique flavor profile make it a sought-after variety during the later part of the mango season.
Maharashtra's mango varieties are not just fruits; they are a testament to the region's rich agricultural heritage and the relentless efforts of its farming communities. Each variety, with its distinct characteristics and flavors, contributes to the state's esteemed position in the global mango market. As these mangoes continue to grace markets worldwide, they carry with them the legacy and pride of Maharashtra's orchards.
