NEW DELHI, 9 August 2024: India's agricultural sector, the lifeblood of the nation, sustains millions of livelihoods. However, farmers face numerous challenges, including fragmented landholdings, volatile market conditions, and unpredictable weather patterns.
Recognizing these hurdles, the Indian government has implemented a multitude of schemes aimed at empowering farmers and bolstering agricultural growth. Let's delve into some of the key initiatives that provide financial assistance, promote technological advancements, and enhance market access for Indian farmers.
Direct Income Support: A Safety Net for Farmers
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN): Launched in 2019, PM-KISAN is a flagship scheme that provides direct income support to eligible small and marginal farmers. Under this scheme, farmers receive a cash transfer of ₹6,000 per year in three equal installments. As of June 2024, over 11.16 crore farmers have benefited from PM-KISAN, with the government disbursing over Rs. 2.81 lakh crore.
Pension Security for the Elderly
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Maan-Dhan Yojana (PM-KMY): This contributory pension scheme launched in 2019 aims to provide financial security to small and marginal farmers aged 18-40 years after attaining the age of 60. Farmers contribute a monthly amount ranging from ₹55 to ₹200, matched by the government, towards their pension corpus. While the scheme is still in its initial stages, it has the potential to benefit millions of farmers in the long run.
Promoting Irrigation and Water Management
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY): Recognizing the importance of water in agriculture, PMKSY focuses on creating sustainable irrigation infrastructure and improving water use efficiency. The scheme encompasses various sub-missions like the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana - Har Khet Ko Pani (PMKSY-HKP) that aims to provide "har khet ko pani" (water to every field), and the Per Drop More Crop (PDMC) initiative that promotes water conservation technologies. As of March 2023, PMKSY has sanctioned over 99.09 lakh hectares of land for irrigation benefit.
Atal Jal Yojana (AJY): This scheme launched in 2019 focuses on water conservation and groundwater management at the gram panchayat level. AJY fosters community participation in water resource development and promotes rainwater harvesting structures to enhance water availability for agriculture. While data on the specific impact on farmers is not readily available, AJY contributes to improved water security for agricultural activities.
Boosting Crop Insurance and Risk Mitigation
Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY): This government-backed crop insurance scheme aims to protect farmers from financial losses due to natural calamities like floods, droughts, pests, and diseases. Farmers can choose from various insurance plans at subsidized premiums. As of December 2023, over 5.7 crore farmers have been insured under PMFBY, with a cumulative claim settlement of over Rs. 95,000 crore.
Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Package (PMGKP): Launched in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, PMGKP provided additional financial assistance to farmers in need. Under this package, eligible farmers received an ex-gratia payment of ₹2,000 per month for five months, totaling ₹10,000.
Enhancing Market Access and Infrastructure
National Agriculture Market (NAM): This online platform launched in 2016 aims to create a unified national market for agricultural commodities. NAM integrates physical mandis (markets) with an electronic trading platform, allowing farmers to connect with buyers across the country and fetch better prices for their produce.
Challenges and Looking Forward
While these schemes offer significant support, challenges remain. Ensuring timely delivery of benefits, reaching out to small and marginal farmers in remote areas, and promoting wider awareness of these programs are aspects that require continued focus.
A Collaborative Approach for a Sustainable Future
The Indian government's farmer welfare schemes play a crucial role in empowering the agricultural sector. By continuing to invest in these initiatives, addressing existing challenges, and fostering collaboration with state governments and agricultural stakeholders, India can ensure a more secure and prosperous future for its farmers, paving the way for a resilient and sustainable agricultural landscape.
