|| Shree Mumba Devi Prasanna ||


AGMARKNET
01 Nov 2024
Paddy(Dhan)(Common) : Paddy Max Price: 2320 Min Price: 2320   |   Paddy(Dhan)(Common) : I.R. 36 Max Price: 2350 Min Price: 2300   |   Paddy(Dhan)(Common) : I.R. 64 Max Price: 2320 Min Price: 2300   |   Paddy(Dhan)(Common) : 1001 Max Price: 2320 Min Price: 2300   |   Paddy(Dhan)(Common) : B P T Max Price: 2320 Min Price: 2200   |   Paddy(Dhan)(Common) : MTU-1010 Max Price: 2320 Min Price: 2100   |   Paddy(Dhan)(Common) : Swarna Masuri (New) Max Price: 2320 Min Price: 2280   |   Rice : Common Max Price: 3700 Min Price: 3550   |   Maize : Deshi Red Max Price: 4000 Min Price: 1500   |   Bengal Gram(Gram)(Whole) : Bold Max Price: 8300 Min Price: 8200   |   Groundnut : Big (With Shell) Max Price: 7600 Min Price: 3300   |   Mustard : Mustard Max Price: 5800 Min Price: 5700   |   Cotton : Cotton (Unginned) Max Price: 7130 Min Price: 6417   |   Jute : TD-5 Max Price: 5400 Min Price: 5300   |   Apple : American Max Price: 20000 Min Price: 6000   |   Apple : Delicious Max Price: 10000 Min Price: 5000   |   Apple : Apple Max Price: 16000 Min Price: 4000   |   Orange : Darjeeling Max Price: 24000 Min Price: 4000   |   Orange : Orange Max Price: 5000 Min Price: 3000   |   Banana : Besrai Max Price: 10000 Min Price: 1400   |   Banana : Medium Max Price: 6500 Min Price: 5500   |   Banana : Nendra Bale Max Price: 5500 Min Price: 3800   |   Banana : Banana - Ripe Max Price: 7000 Min Price: 2500   |   Banana : Red Banana Max Price: 8200 Min Price: 2600   |   Banana : Poovan Max Price: 7200 Min Price: 2000   |   Banana : Robusta Max Price: 5200 Min Price: 1800   |   Banana : Palayamthodan Max Price: 5200 Min Price: 1000   |   Banana : Amruthapani Max Price: 3500 Min Price: 2500   |   Pineapple : Pine Apple Max Price: 8000 Min Price: 4300   |   Grapes : Annabesahai Max Price: 12000 Min Price: 7000   |   Grapes : Black Max Price: 5000 Min Price: 4800   |   Onion : Bellary Max Price: 7500 Min Price: 3300   |   Onion : Red Max Price: 4500 Min Price: 2000   |   Onion : Onion Max Price: 8000 Min Price: 4500   |   Onion : Big Max Price: 6500 Min Price: 5500   |   Onion : Medium Max Price: 5600 Min Price: 4500   |   Onion : Small Max Price: 6000 Min Price: 5700   |   Onion : 1st Sort Max Price: 5600 Min Price: 4000   |   Potato : (Red Nanital) Max Price: 7500 Min Price: 2500   |   Potato : Desi Max Price: 2000 Min Price: 1500   |   Potato : Jyoti Max Price: 3800 Min Price: 2500   |   Potato : Badshah Max Price: 2300 Min Price: 2100   |   Potato : Potato Max Price: 5500 Min Price: 1800   |   Garlic : Average Max Price: 216080 Min Price: 18000   |   Garlic : Garlic Max Price: 34000 Min Price: 18800   |   Chili Red : Bold Max Price: 22000 Min Price: 21000   |   Ginger(Dry) : Dry Max Price: 32000 Min Price: 31000   |   Cauliflower : Ranchi Max Price: 7000 Min Price: 1000   |   Cauliflower : African Sarson Max Price: 5000 Min Price: 2300   |   Cauliflower : Local Max Price: 4200 Min Price: 4200   |   Cauliflower : Cauliflower Max Price: 7600 Min Price: 2600   |   Brinjal : Round Max Price: 10000 Min Price: 2000   |   Brinjal : Round/Long Max Price: 3500 Min Price: 2000   |   Brinjal : Arkasheela Mattigulla Max Price: 5500 Min Price: 2000   |   Brinjal : Brinjal Max Price: 6200 Min Price: 2000   |   Black pepper : Garbled Max Price: 62000 Min Price: 61000   |   Coriander(Leaves) : I Sort Max Price: 20000 Min Price: 1000   |   Coriander(Leaves) : Coriander Max Price: 15000 Min Price: 2000   |   Methi(Leaves) : Fenugreek-Organic Max Price: 10000 Min Price: 7000   |   Arhar (Tur/Red Gram)(Whole) : 777 New Ind Max Price: 7550 Min Price: 7550   |   Green Peas : Green Peas Max Price: 24000 Min Price: 11500   |   Field Pea : Field Pea Max Price: 10000 Min Price: 4000   |   Chikoos(Sapota) : Sapota Max Price: 5500 Min Price: 2500   |   Papaya : Papaya Max Price: 4400 Min Price: 1500   |   Water Melon : Water Melon Max Price: 3000 Min Price: 1200   |   Guar : Gwar Max Price: 12000 Min Price: 8000   |   Mousambi(Sweet Lime) : Mousambi Max Price: 12000 Min Price: 2500   |   Tomato : Deshi Max Price: 6000 Min Price: 2000   |   Tomato : Local Max Price: 3000 Min Price: 2000   |   Tomato : Hybrid Max Price: 4500 Min Price: 2000   |   Tomato : Tomato Max Price: 7000 Min Price: 3100   |   Cluster beans : Cluster Beans Max Price: 16000 Min Price: 1600   |   Bitter gourd : Bitter Gourd Max Price: 10000 Min Price: 2100   |   Bottle gourd : Bottle Gourd Max Price: 4500 Min Price: 800   |   Ashgourd : Gouard Max Price: 4000 Min Price: 800   |   Ashgourd : Ashgourd Max Price: 72080 Min Price: 1300   |   Pumpkin : Pumpkin Max Price: 5000 Min Price: 800   |   Bhindi(Ladies Finger) : Bhindi Max Price: 7400 Min Price: 700   |   Amaranthus : Amaranthus Max Price: 9000 Min Price: 800   |   Green Chilli : Green Chilly Max Price: 22000 Min Price: 2000   |   Cowpea(Veg) : Cowpea (Veg) Max Price: 8400 Min Price: 1000   |   Banana - Green : Banana - Green Max Price: 6500 Min Price: 900   |   Beans : Beans (Whole) Max Price: 18200 Min Price: 4000   |   Tapioca : Tapioca Max Price: 5000 Min Price: 2000   |   Amphophalus : Amphophalus Max Price: 7400 Min Price: 7000   |   Ginger(Green) : Green Ginger Max Price: 22000 Min Price: 4800   |   Coconut Seed : Coconut Seed Max Price: 5500 Min Price: 4100   |   Coconut : Coconut Max Price: 6500 Min Price: 1500   |   Coconut : Big Max Price: 5300 Min Price: 4800   |   Coconut : Medium Max Price: 6000 Min Price: 5500   |   Sweet Potato : Hosur Red Max Price: 6500 Min Price: 2500   |   Carrot : Pusakesar Max Price: 9600 Min Price: 3000   |   Carrot : Carrot Max Price: 18200 Min Price: 3800   |   Cabbage : Cabbage Max Price: 6200 Min Price: 1000   |   Snakeguard : Snakeguard Max Price: 6000 Min Price: 1200   |   Beetroot : Beetroot Max Price: 7000 Min Price: 2000   |   Cucumbar(Kheera) : Cucumbar Max Price: 9000 Min Price: 1400   |   Ridgeguard(Tori) : Ridgeguard(Tori) Max Price: 8000 Min Price: 2000   |   Raddish : Raddish Max Price: 5000 Min Price: 1000   |   Thondekai : Thondekai Max Price: 7500 Min Price: 1700   |   Capsicum : Capsicum Max Price: 11000 Min Price: 3500   |   Green Avare (W) : Avare (W) Max Price: 16000 Min Price: 3000   |   Chow Chow : Chow Chow Max Price: 5400 Min Price: 1500   |   Drumstick : Drumstick Max Price: 10000 Min Price: 800   |   Leafy Vegetable : Leafy Vegetables Max Price: 2500 Min Price: 2000   |   Mango (Raw-Ripe) : Mango - Raw-Ripe Max Price: 10000 Min Price: 3000   |   Knool Khol : Knool Khol Max Price: 8000 Min Price: 3000   |   Lime : Lime Max Price: 28000 Min Price: 1500   |   Jack Fruit : Jack Fruit Max Price: 8000 Min Price: 8000   |   Guava : Guava Alahabad Max Price: 8000 Min Price: 2500   |   Guava : Banarasi Max Price: 5000 Min Price: 4800   |   Pomegranate : Pomogranate Max Price: 26000 Min Price: 2800   |   Tender Coconut : Tender Coconut Max Price: 5000 Min Price: 1500   |   Arhar Dal(Tur Dal) : Arhar Dal(Tur) Max Price: 14675 Min Price: 14615   |   Bengal Gram Dal (Chana Dal) : Bengal Gram Dal Max Price: 8500 Min Price: 8415   |   Elephant Yam (Suran) : Elephant Yam (Suran) Max Price: 10000 Min Price: 4400   |   Yam (Ratalu) : Yam (Ratalu) Max Price: 14000 Min Price: 2500   |   French Beans (Frasbean) : French Beans (Frasbean) Max Price: 72080 Min Price: 6800   |   Indian Beans (Seam) : Indian Beans (Seam) Max Price: 10500 Min Price: 5000   |   Little gourd (Kundru) : Little gourd (Kundru) Max Price: 2700 Min Price: 2300   |   Lemon : Lemon Max Price: 15000 Min Price: 4000   |   Colacasia : Colacasia Max Price: 10000 Min Price: 2500   |   Pear(Marasebu) : Pears Max Price: 16000 Min Price: 12000   |   Mashrooms : Mashrooms Max Price: 25000 Min Price: 1800   |   Turnip : Turnip Max Price: 8000 Min Price: 2800   |   Spinach : Spinach Max Price: 3000 Min Price: 2200   |   Custard Apple (Sharifa) : Custard Apple(Sharifa) Max Price: 8000 Min Price: 2000   |   Amla(Nelli Kai) : Amla Max Price: 10000 Min Price: 3300   |   Onion Green : Onion Green Max Price: 10000 Min Price: 3000   |   Mint(Pudina) : Mint(Pudina) Max Price: 10000 Min Price: 1500   |   Paddy(Dhan)(Basmati) : Basmati 1509 Max Price: 2350 Min Price: 2330   |   Amranthas Red : Chawli Lal Max Price: 2400 Min Price: 2200   |  

Dairy


Combating Disease Outbreaks: Protecting Aquaculture from Pathogens

Combating Disease Outbreaks: Protecting Aquaculture from Pathogens

The aquaculture industry, crucial for meeting the growing global demand for seafood, faces significant challenges from disease outbreaks.

Share with : Facebook Whatsapp Twitter Linkedin

MUMBAI, 28 October 2024: The aquaculture industry, crucial for meeting the growing global demand for seafood, faces significant challenges from disease outbreaks.

Pathogens can devastate fish and shellfish populations, leading to substantial economic losses and threatening food security. To ensure the sustainability and productivity of aquaculture, it is vital to implement effective strategies to combat disease outbreaks and protect aquatic health.

Understanding Pathogens in Aquaculture

Pathogens in aquaculture include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that can infect fish and shellfish. These diseases can spread rapidly in dense farming conditions, causing high mortality rates and reducing the quality and marketability of seafood products. Key pathogens affecting aquaculture include:

1.      Bacteria: Common bacterial pathogens include Vibrio, Aeromonas, and Streptococcus species, which can cause diseases like vibriosis, furunculosis, and streptococcosis.

2.      Viruses: Viruses such as Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus (ISAV), Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV), and White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) can lead to severe outbreaks in fish and shrimp populations.

3.      Fungi: Fungal infections, such as those caused by Saprolegnia species, can affect fish eggs, larvae, and adults, leading to significant losses in hatcheries and farms.

4.      Parasites: Parasites like sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis), protozoans (Ichthyophthirius multifiliis), and trematodes can cause debilitating conditions in fish, impacting their growth and survival.

Strategies for Combating Disease Outbreaks

Effective management and prevention of disease outbreaks in aquaculture require a multifaceted approach, combining good husbandry practices, biosecurity measures, early detection, and innovative technologies.

1. Good Husbandry Practices:

Maintaining optimal farming conditions and ensuring the health and welfare of aquatic species are fundamental to disease prevention.

·         Water Quality Management: Regular monitoring and maintenance of water quality parameters, such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and ammonia levels, are essential. Poor water quality can stress fish and make them more susceptible to diseases.

·         Nutrition: Providing balanced and high-quality feed supports the immune system and overall health of fish and shellfish. Nutritional supplements, including vitamins, minerals, and probiotics, can enhance disease resistance.

·         Stocking Density: Maintaining appropriate stocking densities reduces stress and prevents the rapid spread of pathogens. Overstocking can lead to poor water quality and increased susceptibility to diseases.

2. Biosecurity Measures:

Implementing stringent biosecurity measures minimizes the risk of introducing and spreading pathogens in aquaculture facilities.

·         Quarantine: Isolating new stock and broodstock before introducing them to the main population helps prevent the introduction of pathogens. Quarantine protocols should include health screening and observation for any signs of disease.

·         Disinfection: Regular disinfection of equipment, tanks, and facilities is crucial to eliminate pathogens. Using disinfectants and UV sterilization can reduce the risk of contamination.

·         Exclusion Barriers: Physical barriers, such as nets and screens, prevent the entry of wild fish, birds, and other animals that may carry pathogens into the farm.

3. Early Detection and Monitoring:

Early detection of disease outbreaks allows for timely intervention and reduces the impact on aquaculture operations.

·         Surveillance Programs: Implementing regular health monitoring and surveillance programs helps detect early signs of disease. This can include routine sampling, health checks, and diagnostic testing.

·         Diagnostic Tools: Advanced diagnostic tools, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), enable rapid and accurate identification of pathogens. Early diagnosis allows for prompt treatment and management.

·         Data Management: Utilizing data management systems to record and analyze health and environmental data can identify trends and potential outbreaks. Predictive analytics can help anticipate disease risks and take preventive measures.

4. Innovative Technologies:

The use of innovative technologies can enhance disease management and improve the resilience of aquaculture systems.

·         Vaccination: Vaccination is a proactive approach to disease prevention. Vaccines can provide long-term protection against specific pathogens, reducing the need for antibiotics and other treatments.

·         Genetic Selection: Breeding programs that select for disease-resistant strains of fish and shellfish can enhance the overall health and productivity of aquaculture operations.

·         Nanotechnology: Nanoparticles and nanomaterials can be used for targeted drug delivery, improving the efficacy of treatments and reducing environmental impact.

·         Aquaculture 4.0: The integration of digital technologies, such as IoT devices, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning, can optimize disease monitoring and management. Smart sensors and automated systems can provide real-time data on water quality, fish behavior, and health status.

Case Studies and Success Stories

1. Norway's Salmon Farming Industry:

Norway's salmon farming industry has implemented comprehensive biosecurity measures and advanced technologies to combat disease outbreaks. The use of vaccines, strict quarantine protocols, and innovative sea lice management strategies have significantly reduced disease-related losses. The industry also employs real-time monitoring systems and AI to optimize farm operations and enhance fish health.

2. Thailand's Shrimp Farming Sector:

Thailand's shrimp farming sector has faced challenges from viral diseases such as White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) and Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS). The industry has adopted biofloc technology, which enhances water quality and microbial balance, reducing disease outbreaks. Improved breeding programs and the use of probiotics have also contributed to better disease management.

3. Aquaculture Innovation in Scotland:

Scotland's aquaculture industry has embraced innovative solutions to address disease challenges. The Scottish Aquaculture Innovation Centre (SAIC) collaborates with research institutions and industry partners to develop and implement new technologies. Projects include the use of cleaner fish to control sea lice and the application of genomics to improve disease resistance in farmed species.

Challenges and Future Directions

While significant progress has been made in combating disease outbreaks in aquaculture, several challenges remain:

1. Antibiotic Resistance: The overuse of antibiotics in aquaculture can lead to antibiotic resistance, posing a threat to both animal and human health. Sustainable alternatives, such as vaccines and probiotics, are needed to reduce reliance on antibiotics.

2. Climate Change: Climate change can exacerbate disease risks in aquaculture by altering water temperatures and increasing the prevalence of pathogens. Adaptive management strategies and resilient farming systems are essential to address these challenges.

3. Global Collaboration: Disease outbreaks in aquaculture are a global concern that requires international collaboration. Sharing knowledge, best practices, and research findings can enhance disease management efforts worldwide.

Combating disease outbreaks is crucial for the sustainability and productivity of the aquaculture industry. By implementing good husbandry practices, stringent biosecurity measures, early detection and monitoring systems, and innovative technologies, aquaculture operations can effectively protect against pathogens and ensure the health and welfare of aquatic species. Continued research, collaboration, and investment in sustainable solutions will drive the industry forward, securing a resilient and thriving future for global aquaculture.


© Copyright 2024 Agriculture Times. All rights reserved. Republication or redistribution of Agriculture Times content, including by framing or similar means, is expressly prohibited without the prior written consent.

Support our venture and help farming commmunity in India. If you want us the work better FUND US. For as little as INR 10, you can support2.jpg the AgriTimes™ and it only takes a minute. Thank you.

Partners