India’s NPC study shows soil health card boosts farmer income and reduces fertilizers use depending on crops

INDIA, 19 February 2020 : strong>National Productivity Council (NPC) conducted a study in 76 districts of 19 states - covering 170 soil testing labs and 1700 farmers, has been released on the completion of five years of the government scheme.

The study shows the use of soil health card has helped farmers reduce substantially the cost of production and achieve higher production, thereby increasing farm income up to INR 30,000 per acre, depending on the crop.

Soil health card provides information to farmers on nutrient status of their soil along with recommendation on appropriate dosage of nutrients to be applied for improving its health and fertility.

"In absence of the soil health cards, it was acknowledged by the farmers that adequate quantity of fertilizers and micro-nutrients were not being applied by them earlier and this had affected the productivity of crops," the study said.

As per the study, savings on fertilizer are an increase in production led to increased income of the farmers. For instance, there was INR 25,000 – INR 30,000 per acre increase in income from tur, around INR 25,000 per acre from sunflower, INR 12,000 per acre from cotton, INR 10,000 per acre from groundnut, INR 4500 per acre from paddy and INR 3000 per acre from potato.

The application of fertilizers as per the recommendation of soil health cards led to savings in nitrogen fertilizers like urea, thereby resulted in a reduction in the cost of cultivation. In the case of rice, the cost of cultivation was reduced by 16%-25% and savings of nitrogen was found to be around 20kg/acre. In pulses, there was a 10%-15% reduction in cultivation cost and savings of 10kg/acre urea.

Similarly in oilseeds, the reduction was 10%-15% and savings on nitrogen were 9kg/acre in sunflower, around 23kg/ acre in groundnut and around 30 kg/acre in castor.

Among cash crops, the reduction in cotton was 25% and savings on nitrogen fertilizer were around 35 kg/ acre, while in potato the saving on nitrogen fertilizer was 46 kg per acre, the study added.

Stating that judicious use of fertilizers also resulted in increased production of crops, the study showed that there was a 10%-20% increase in production of paddy and 10%-15% in wheat and jowar.

There was a 10%-30% rise in production of pulses, a 40% jump in oilseeds and 10%-20% in cotton production, it said.

Soil health card background

Under the scheme, soil health card is issued farmers every two years to provide a basis to address nutritional deficiencies in fertilization practices. Since the launch of the scheme, the card has been issued twice.

In the first cycle from 2015 to 2017, 10.74 crore soil health cards were distributed to farmers. In the cycle-II (2017-19), 11.69 crore soil health cards have been distributed to farmers across the country.

Instead of sample collection at the grid level, the government has started a pilot project from this fiscal onwards to collect samples at 'individual farm holding'.

Under the pilot, one village per block is adopted for land holding-based soil sampling, testing, and organization of a larger number of demonstrations up to a maximum number of 50 demonstrations (1 hectare each) for each adopted village.

So far, 6954 villages have been identified by the states in which against the target of 26.83 lakh samples, 20.18 lakh samples have been collected, 14.65 lakh samples have been analyzed and 13.54 lakh cards have been distributed to farmers, the government said.

Apart from these 2,46,968 demonstrations and 6951 farmer melas have been approved for states and union territories.

The government also mentioned that the soil analyzing capacity in the country has increased from 1.78 crores to 3.33 crore samples per annum in a short period of five years.

So far, 429 new static soil testing labs (STLs), 102 New Mobile STLs, 8752 Mini STLs have been provided. Village level soil testing facilities (VLSTLS) by agri-entrepreneurs have also been promoted and so far 1562 VLSTLs have been sanctioned and strengthening of 800 existing STLs has been approved to states/UTs under the scheme.

Soil health card provides two sets of fertilizer recommendations for six crops, including recommendations of organic manures. Farmers can also get suggestions for additional crops on demand. They can print the card on their own from the soil health card (SHC) portal.

SHC portal has farmers database of both the cycles and is available in 21 languages for the benefit of the farmers.